Mental Status Changes
 
Introduction
Acute Confusion
   Infectious
   Metabolic
Cases
   Headache
   Fever & Confusion
   Focal Weakness
   Nice Doggie
   She's Talking a Lot
   Hemiparesis
   Unconscious
   Police Call
 

The next morning Gladys is heavily sedated and unable to answer questions.

  • She arouses to sternal rub and her pupils are sluggish but reactive.
  • Her AM vitals show: Temp =  38.1°C, pulse = 130, BP = 110/70 and Resp = 28.
  • Neurolgoical exam reveals no focal deficits
    • All extremities withdraw to pain.
    • Deep tendon reflexes are normal.
  • Neck is supple and there is no evidence of thrush.
  • The LP results revealed no WBCs, glucose and protein were normal.
  • Hemogram blood was lost.
  • Breath sounds are shallow and course, but no crackles or wheezing is heard.
  • Someone does a biox and discovers an oxygen saturation of 65%
  • A chest X-ray is ordered and reveals diffuse, bilateral infiltrates. Click image for larger view.
  • Gladys has pneumocystis pneumonia.
    • Aspiration pneumonia should also be considered.
  • She is started on Septrin, steroids and IV Augmentin.
  • If sedation is needed, Haldol will be used as it does not suppress the respiratory drive.
Two days later.
 
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